The fundamental role of a mother in the well-being and prosperity of a generation: There is no doubt that to a very large extent, the future of a child depends greatly on the mental and psychological influence that he is exposed to, through people closest to him in his childhood.
In addition, naturally since a mother is the closest to a child during his growing years, her role in his upbringing is of the utmost importance. Therefore, we could say that the starting point of the success or failure of an individual’s life is the mother’s lap and the overall environment of his upbringing, of which the mother constitutes the main pillar.
The child is therefore like a soft lump of wax that is moulded in the hands of his mother. If we carefully examine the emotional and logical approach of Hazrat Fatima (PBUH) in the upbringing of her great children, we will be able to discover very subtle and delicate methods used by her in their upbringing.
Behavioral psychologists and other experts, who have studied these methods closely, have developed faith in the positive effects of the approach adopted by this great lady.
This unique success in the upbringing of children has its roots in the profound understanding of the nature of man as has been explained by Islam. Every school of thought has recommended methods of upbringing of children, based on its interpretation and understanding of innate human nature.
An unbiased research and analysis easily proves that the definition and explanation that the divine religion of Islam has revealed, regarding the complete innate nature of man (taking in consideration, all his physical, emotional, psychological, material as well as spiritual needs), is the most perfect and objective.
Moreover, since the method of child-training and parenting used by Hazrat Fatima (PBUH) was based in this Divine Source, studying and practically adopting this method could ensure the success and well-being of our children both in this world and in the Hereafter.
One of the most critical factors determining the characters of the children of Hazrat Fatima (PBUH) was genetics. As we all believe, she was an Infallible (Ma’sum) and was thus free from all kinds of sins and moral pollution. The Ziyarat of Imam Hussain (PBUH) confirms:
“I testify that you (i.e. Imam Hussain) were from a pure seed that was nurtured in a pure womb, free from polytheism and ignorance” (1).
Imam Hussain had himself emphasized on the purity of Hazrat Fatima (PBUH), on the Day of Ashura, when he announced:
“The virtues of courage, freedom and generosity, I owe to the purity of my mother Hazrat Fatima (PBUH).”
All of us are aware of the importance and the greatness of the Day of Ashura (10th of Muharram), and as a matter of fact, the extraordinary roles that the children of Hazrat Fatima Zahra (PBUH) played, throughout the historical event were the result of her powerful upbringing and training. In other words, the Karbala phenomenon is one of the best testimonies of the divine nature of her methods of child-rearing.
The Methods of Child-Upbringing
Psychologists and child-training experts have always debated regarding the best age to commence child-training, and have not really reached to any substantial conclusion regarding the issue, even today. However, according to Islam, the point that actually starts affecting the soul of the child is the moment a name is chosen for him.
And this is the first stage in the moulding of the character of a child. It is because of this very important reason that Islam has laid great emphasis on care and attention in naming of children. Thus, a good name has a very deep and lasting effect on the soul of a child. In this context, Imam Ali (PBUH) has advised thus in one of his sayings mentioned in the “Nahjul-Balagha (“Peaks of Eloquence”):
“… While the right of the child on the father is that he should give him a good name.” (2)
In other words, one of the primary duties of parents, especially the father, is the selection of a worthy name for his child. It is for this very important and scientific reason that Fatima (PBUH), after consulting her husband, Imam Ali (PBUH) and her beloved father, Prophet Muhammad (PBUHH), chose the best and most beautiful names for her children.
Sacrifice of an Animal (Aqiqah)
Aqiqah (sacrifice of a goat or sheep) and also alms-giving, are highly-recommended acts that have been greatly emphasized in Islamic traditions. It has been recorded that whenever Fatima (PBUH) would be blessed with a child, she would sacrifice a sheep and would distribute the meat among people.
Then on the 7th day of the child’s birth, she would shave his/her head and distribute in charity (alms), the equivalent in silver, of the weight of the shaved-hair of the child. Also she would send gifts to the mid-wife as well as the neighbors such that they too, would share the happy event with her family.
Another custom followed by Fatima (PBUH) was that as soon as her child would be born, she would recite the `Adhan’ in his/her right ear and would recite the `Iqamah’ in his/her left ear.
This was because she was very well-aware that if the child would be acquainted with the names of Allah, Muhammad ((PBUH&HP)), salat, etc., from the very beginning of his early life, it would have deep and lasting effects on his/her psychological.
NOTES:
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- “Ziyarat of Imam Hussain”, see: Mafatih ul-Jinan
- Saying No. 409
- Bihar ul-Anwar, vol. 43, p. 257.
